ENERGY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: PARADIGMS TO THE CURRENT ENERGY MODEL

Abstract

In the present work the challenges imposed by sustainable development are exposed, based on the suggestions that the energy sector plays for its achievement. For this, a historical analysis is carried out that allows to determine the conformation of the current matrix at a global level, of the oil market and its dynamics that allow to reveal the current trends. In addition, assessments are made that allow the identification, by groups of countries, of the main emitters of carbon dioxide (CO₂) associated with the energy sector; as well as their contributions to global warming, from the energy footprint, the ecological footprint and their relationships with human development. Based on the new energy paradigms, the direction in which energy transition strategies should be directed towards sustainable development is established, where energy efficiency and the development of renewable sources and their combinations represent the most viable path towards energy sustainable.